Learning guides
Understand readings and expressions, then put them into practice with review and mock tests.
仕事 and 作業: work and specific tasks
Compare work as an occupation or responsibility with particular tasks.
職業 and 職場: occupation and workplace
Distinguish an occupation from the place and environment of work.
会議 and 会話: meetings and conversations
Compare a meeting about issues with an exchange of conversation.
会社 and 社会: a company and society
Distinguish the readings and meanings of two words with reversed characters.
店員 and 社員: shop staff and company employees
Compare a role working in a shop with employment by a company.
道具 and 機械: tools and machines
Compare tools used for tasks with machines that operate through mechanisms.
方法 and 手段: methods and means
Compare how something is done with the means used to achieve a purpose.
規則 and 約束: rules and promises
Distinguish shared rules from commitments made with someone.
責任 and 義務: responsibility and obligation
Compare responsibility for work and outcomes with an obligation to act.
権利 and 資格: rights and qualifications
Distinguish recognized rights from qualifications for a role or participation.
焼く and 煮る: grilling and cooking in liquid
Choose the cooking verb according to the method, even for the same fish.
蒸す and 揚げる: steaming and deep-frying
Distinguish cooking media and use context to identify meanings outside cooking.
冷凍 and 冷蔵: freezing and refrigerated storage
Compare two storage nouns and their forms with する.
味 and 香り: describing taste and aroma separately
Compare taste perceived in the mouth with aroma perceived through smell.
塩 and 砂糖: seasoning names and quantities
Name salt and sugar and check the scope of quantity expressions.
米 and 御飯: uncooked rice, cooked rice, and meals
Distinguish rice as an ingredient from cooked rice and the meal meaning of ご飯.
肉 and 魚: meat, fish as food, and living fish
Read ingredient names and meanings outside food according to context.
野菜 and 果物: food names and quantity expressions
Use vegetables and fruit in shopping and meal contexts, distinguishing kinds from pieces.
食材 and 料理: ingredients and prepared food
Distinguish ingredients, finished dishes, and the activity of cooking.
食欲 and 空腹: appetite and hunger
Distinguish the desire to eat from hunger and read contrasts between them.
朝 and 昼: morning and daytime
Distinguish time-of-day ranges from the midday meaning supplied by context.
夕方 and 夜: early evening and night
Talk about the end of daylight and nighttime, checking the range marked by particles.
深夜 and 早朝: late night and early morning
Distinguish late-night and early-morning periods and read dates across a schedule.
平日 and 祝日: dates in opening-hours notices
Distinguish weekdays and public holidays from an individual's days off.
昨日 and 今日: anchoring yesterday and today
Identify dates relative to the speaking day and distinguish completed events from plans.
明日 and 翌日: tomorrow and the following day
Compare an expression anchored to the speaking day with one anchored to an event.
毎朝 and 毎晩: repeated mornings and nights
Separate when an action repeats from how long each occurrence lasts.
今週 and 来週: this week's and next week's plans
Read the reference week, day modifiers, and rescheduled events.
今年 and 来年: this year and next year
Distinguish calendar-year expressions from lengths of time.
日付 and 日時: dates and date-and-time information
Distinguish the information requested on forms and in event notices.