Learning guides
Understand readings and expressions, then put them into practice with review and mock tests.
予測 and 想定: forecasts, planning assumptions, and expectations
Compare forecasts based on records with backup lighting prepared for an assumed blackout. Read 予測 and 想定 through future estimates, planning assumptions, and attendance beyond an original expectation.
存在: investigating existence and feeling someone's presence
Compare an investigation into whether a forest creature exists with a family's presence as emotional support. Read the question of existence separately from a presence whose role is already described.
傾向: patterns in plant growth and book choices
Read 傾向 through growth in shade and a reading log reviewed to understand book choices. Identify a tendency in growth or selection without treating it as an exceptionless law or a guaranteed next choice.
傾く: a tilted floor and a declining family business
Compare 傾く for the slight tilt of an old floor and the gradual decline of a family business. Read the subject, degree, and progression to distinguish physical inclination from deteriorating conditions.
均一 and 均衡: uniform qualities and balance between elements
Compare uniform board thickness and evenly spread paint with balance between two powers and between meals and exercise. Read 均一 and 均衡 without turning balance into identical quantities.
比較 and 対照: making a comparison and describing a contrast
Read comparisons of three desks and work records alongside contrasts in color and the brothers' dispositions. Distinguish a comparison performed from a contrast described, preserving the stated selection criterion.
独自 and 固有: an individual method and a distinctive property
Compare a shop's own roasting method and a tool developed independently with a regional expression and proper plant names. Read 独自 and 固有 through methods, development, characteristics, and names.
系統 and 体系: grouped or connected systems and organized knowledge
Compare three plant lineages and an electrical-system fault with a grammar diagram and a legal framework. Read grouping, connections, and organized knowledge without inventing a taxonomy or a completed repair.
理論 and 論理: theoretical content and an explanation's reasoning
Compare a theory checked by experiment with the clear logic of an explanation. Read 理論 and 論理 through theoretical content and explanatory or decision-making reasoning, preserving the stated evidence and role of emotion.
詳しい: detailed information and knowledge of a subject
Compare detailed procedural information with a brother who knows the city's old buildings well. Read 詳しい for a quality of content and a person's subject knowledge, preserving the request and the stated topic.