Learning guides
Understand readings and expressions, then put them into practice with review and mock tests.
頭 and 顔: the head and the face
Use common actions to distinguish the head as a whole from the face.
目 and 耳: body parts and means of perception
Learn the names for eyes and ears, distinguishing an action's object from a means of perception.
鼻 and 口: covering, opening, and closing
Read locations, actions, and maintained states in expressions for the nose and mouth.
歯 and 舌: literal and figurative uses inside the mouth
Learn the words for teeth and the tongue, distinguishing literal body references from figurative expressions.
首 and 肩: neck and shoulder expressions
Distinguish direction from idiomatic meaning in actions involving the neck and shoulders.
腕 and 肘: the arm and the elbow
Distinguish an arm from its elbow and recognize contexts in which 腕 refers to skill.
手 and 指: hands and specific digits
Distinguish the hand used as a means from a particular finger, and use context to interpret 指.
胸 and 背中: the front and back of the body
Read attachment points and visible sides in expressions for the chest and back.
腰 and 腹: waist-area references and the abdomen
Distinguish body locations from idioms containing 腹.
膝 and 足: knees, legs, and feet
Use surrounding actions to identify the knee and determine whether 足 refers to a leg or a foot.
鍵 and 錠: keys and locks
Distinguish a key from a lock and learn the phrase 鍵をかける.
袋 and 箱: containers and layers of packaging
Distinguish bags from boxes and track an inner container against its outer packaging.
瓶 and 缶: containers and quantities
Distinguish bottles from cans and read empty containers, remaining contents, and counting units.
皿 and 茶碗: serving food on plates and in bowls
Distinguish vessels, serving actions, item counts, and amounts of food.
箸 and 食器: a specific utensil and tableware
Distinguish counting and placing chopsticks from the collective term for tableware.
包丁 and 刃: a whole knife and its blade
Distinguish a kitchen knife from its cutting edge, reading instrumental で and part-linking の.
筆 and 鉛筆: writing with brushes and pencils
Distinguish tool choices, tool conditions, and the order of preparation and use.
定規 and 紙: a drawing tool and a surface
Separate tool, surface, and result in sentences about working on paper with a ruler.
鏡 and 時計: checking reflections and time
Distinguish what is checked from the condition of the object when looking at a mirror or clock.
電池 and 電球: a power source and a light-producing part
Distinguish batteries from light bulbs and separate replacement actions from operating results.
病院 and 薬局: facilities and reasons for visiting
Read locations and visits involving hospitals and pharmacies without equating a visit with treatment or a purchase.
銀行 and 郵便局: locations and errands
Read the location, order, and completion of errands involving banks and post offices.
公園 and 広場: spaces and meeting points
Distinguish parks from open squares and separate an entire space from a specific place within it.
寺 and 神社: names and visits
Distinguish Buddhist temples from Shinto shrines and read visiting, approaching, and observing.
美術館 and 博物館: exhibition venues and viewing scope
Learn venue names while preserving what was viewed, for how long, and to what extent.
工場 and 倉庫: making and storing
Distinguish a production site from a storage site and follow the direction in which goods move.
警察 and 消防: institutions and activities
Read the terms for police and firefighting while separating contact, arrival, and training.
郊外 and 都心: where one lives and travels
Distinguish outskirts from the city center and follow residence, commuting, and moving.
商店街 and 市場: shopping streets and markets
Distinguish a shopping district from a market and connect the reading of 市場 to a concrete trading place.
地下 and 屋上: levels and movement through a building
Distinguish basement and rooftop locations, movement directions, and access restrictions.