ながらも: acknowledging a fact and a contrasting evaluation
Distinguish concessive ながらも from simultaneous ながら and read a contrast that does not deny the initial fact.
The initial fact remains accepted
狭いながらも、この部屋は使いやすいです。 means that although the room is small, it is easy to use. The speaker does not withdraw the fact that it is small, but adds a favorable evaluation that differs from the expected one.
古いながらも、この家は手入れが行き届いています。 means that the house is old but well maintained. The evaluation after ながらも does not make the earlier fact false; both facts hold together.
Connect the appropriate form
An い-adjective can appear as 狭いながらも, and a verb as 知りながらも. 問題を知りながらも、何もしませんでした。 means that the person knew about the problem but did nothing, so the result is not necessarily praise.
経験は少ないながらも、彼は熱心に取り組みました。 means that although he had little experience, he worked at it enthusiastically. Notice how the following attitude appears despite the limitation or disadvantage introduced first.
Simultaneous action or a contrast?
音楽を聞きながら勉強します。 describes studying while listening to music: two simultaneous activities. 知りながらも何もしない instead centers on the gap between knowing something and nevertheless doing nothing.
Do not translate every ながらも as 'at the same time' just because you have learned simultaneous ながら. Read the whole sentence to decide whether two actions are in progress together or a fact is acknowledged before a contrasting evaluation.
Does 狭いながらも、この部屋は使いやすいです。 mean that the room is not really small because it is easy to use?
Show the answer and why
No. Both the small size and the ease of use are accepted. ながらも contrasts the room's advantage with what its small size might lead one to expect.