否決

1. Origins, structure, and basic meaning

• Structure: 否決 (ひけつ) denotes rejecting or voting down a proposal.
• Basic usage: 議会が修正案を否決した is active; 提案が否決され makes the rejected proposal the subject.

2. Common pitfalls and similar expressions

• Active vote-down and passive rejection
  • An acting legislature takes the proposal with を, whereas the passive form marks the proposal with が.