仮定 and 仮説: A Calculation Premise and an Explanatory Proposal
Compare assuming everyone walks at the same speed for a calculation with proposing a hypothesis from observations. Identify the input premise and the explanation proposed for further checking.
仮定 (かてい): A premise used in calculation
「全員が同じ速さで歩くと仮定して計算した。」 — “I calculated it on the assumption that everyone walked at the same speed.” Everyone walking at the same speed is assumed for the calculation. 仮定 sets a premise used as input; it does not report measuring each person’s speed as constant over time.
「その仮定が崩れると結論も変わります。」 — “If that assumption falls apart, the conclusion will change too.” The relation described is that a different assumption can yield a different conclusion. Do not make the conclusion independent of its premise.
仮説 (かせつ): A proposal from observations
「観察結果を基に新しい仮説を立てた。」 — “We formed a new hypothesis based on the observations.” A hypothesis is proposed from the observations. The focus is an explanation put forward for what was observed.
「その仮説が正しいか、追加の実験で確かめよう。」 — “Let us conduct another experiment to see whether the hypothesis is correct.” Checking the hypothesis with another experiment is proposed. A proposal for another experiment does not report its completion.
An input assumption and an explanation
The 仮定 supplies equal speeds among the walkers as an input premise, whereas the 仮説 proposes an explanation for observations. Their translations can overlap; identify their roles in these examples.
The premise concerns equality of speed among everyone. It neither reports measurements confirming their actual speeds nor specifies each person’s speed as constant throughout time.
What is first assumed when calculating with 全員が同じ速さで歩くと仮定して?
Show the answer and why
That everyone walks at the same speed. It is an input premise for the calculation, distinct from a 仮説 explaining observations. It reports neither measured equality nor constant speed over time.