営業 and 操業: business operation and production or fishing
Compare a shop's Sunday opening and a family's inn operation with factory and fishing-boat activity. Read the range of business operation, production, and fishing in their stated contexts.
A shop's hours and an inn's business
営業 (えいぎょう) means business operation. 「この店は日曜日も午後まで営業している。」 describes the shop being open until the afternoon even on Sundays. Read the specified day and time range.
「父は小さな旅館を家族で営業している。」 describes the father running a small inn with his family. 営業 can concern operating the business, beyond a single act of selling a product.
Factory and fishing operations
操業 (そうぎょう) concerns operations such as production or fishing. 「工場は設備点検の後に操業を再開した。」 reports the factory resuming operations after equipment inspection. The restart and its sequence after inspection are stated.
「漁船は海が荒れたため操業を中止した。」 reports the fishing boat stopping operations because of rough seas. 操業 applies to fishing as well as factories, and the reason for stopping is identified.
The business and its operational activity
The 営業 examples show a shop's business and an inn's operation; the 操業 examples show factory production and fishing-boat work. The comparison concerns the activities and their target range.
Sunday afternoon opening, restarting after inspection, and stopping in rough seas are separate situations. Do not restrict 営業 to sales or 操業 to factories, or make these examples universal operating rules.
What ranges do the family's inn operation and the fishing boat's work show for 営業 and 操業?
Show the answer and why
The inn shows business operation within 営業; the boat shows fishing activity within 操業. 営業 extends beyond sales work, and 操業 extends beyond factory production.