国営

1. Origins, structure, and basic meaning

• Structure: 国営 (こくえい) means owned or operated by the state. The examples use a past predicate and an attributive form.
• Basic usage: A broadcaster was formerly state-run; a film is set on a government-operated railway.

2. Common pitfalls and similar expressions

• Former operator status and institutional character of a railway
  • 国営だった is past state; 国営の鉄道 modifies a noun. It means direct state operation rather than mere regulation.