懲りる

1. Origins, structure, and basic meaning

• Structure: 懲りる (こりる) is an intransitive verb for learning from a bad experience or becoming put off an activity. The examples use connective and negative forms.
• Basic usage: 失敗に懲りて means learning a lesson and preparing earlier; 山歩きに懲りない means one mishap does not discourage hiking.

2. Common pitfalls and similar expressions

• Learning from failure and not being deterred from an activity
  • The causative experience or activity one might avoid takes に. The first leads to improved behavior; the negative second preserves willingness to continue.