孫娘

1. Origins, structure, and basic meaning

• Structure: 孫娘 (まごむすめ) is a kinship compound noun for a female grandchild.
• Basic usage: 孫娘が描いた絵 makes the granddaughter the subject of a relative clause about a picture, while 孫娘と散歩する marks her as the grandfather’s walking companion.

2. Common pitfalls and similar expressions

• Agent and companion
  • 孫娘が says the granddaughter drew the picture, whereas 孫娘と says the grandfather walked together with her. The second does not describe the granddaughter walking alone.