励ます

1. Origins, structure, and basic meaning

• Structure: 励ます (はげます) adds okurigana ます to encouragement 励, forming a transitive verb.
• Basic usage: It describes words offered to a dejected friend and cheers that give a runner strength.

2. Common pitfalls and similar expressions

• The encourager acts on another person
  • In 人を励ます, the subject provides support and the object is the person whose spirits are raised.