含める

1. Origins, structure, and basic meaning

• Structure: Spelling: 含める. Reading: ふくめる. Core meaning: to include; to add in.
• Basic usage: Representative examples: 材料費を含めると総額はいくらですか / 子どもも人数に含めて席を用意した.

2. Common pitfalls and similar expressions

• Causing inclusion and containing
  • 含める is the action of adding a cost or person into a total calculation. Distinguish its causative, transitive focus from 含む, something already containing an ingredient or element.