陥没

1. Origins, structure, and basic meaning

• Structure: 陥没 is read as かんぼつ and is a noun and する verb for ground or part of a structure caving inward or downward.
• Basic usage: Model ground caving in from the center appears in 地面が中央から陥没する, while a drill simulating a road cave-in appears in 道路の陥没を想定した訓練.

2. Common pitfalls and similar expressions

• A change and an incident noun
  • Use 陥没する for the ground caving in and a noun phrase such as 道路の陥没 for the incident.
• Difference from 崩壊
  • Unlike the broad word for a structure collapsing, this term focuses on part of a surface sinking inward.