施す

1. Origins, structure, and basic meaning

• Structure: 施す(ほどこす) is a transitive verb meaning to give something to a person or apply treatment to a target.
• Basic usage: It appears as 人に食料を施す for giving aid and 表面に加工を施す for applying a treatment.

2. Common pitfalls and similar expressions

• Giving and applying
  • Distinguish giving food to a person from applying a process such as waterproofing to a surface.
• Particle pattern
  • Mark the recipient or treated target with に and the thing given or applied with を.