承認

1. Origins, structure, and basic meaning

• Structure: 承認 is read as しょうにん and is a noun and する verb meaning either to approve a plan or decision or to recognize ability or value.
• Basic usage: Formal approval appears in 委員会の承認を得る, while recognition of ability appears in 実力が仲間から承認される.

2. Common pitfalls and similar expressions

• Approval and recognition
  • It is used both for accepting a plan through a procedure and for acknowledging a person's ability or status as valid.
• Difference from 許可
  • 許可 focuses on permitting an otherwise restricted action, while 承認 more broadly means formally accepting a plan, decision, status, or value.