馬鹿

1. Origins, structure, and basic meaning

• Structure: 馬鹿 is read as ばか and functions as a noun or adjectival noun for a fool or foolish behavior and can be disparaging.
• Basic usage: Looking down on someone appears in 人を馬鹿にする, while self-criticism appears in 自分は馬鹿だった.

2. Common pitfalls and similar expressions

• The expression 馬鹿にする
  • It can mean not only calling someone a fool but also making light of a person or matter.
• Register warning
  • Direct personal use may be insulting; self-reproach and an attack on someone else have different force.