怒る

1. Origins, structure, and basic meaning

• Structure: 怒る is read as おこる and is a godan verb appearing as the past 怒った and the negative connective 怒らずに.
• Basic usage: It expresses becoming angry with someone or choosing another response instead of anger.

2. Common pitfalls and similar expressions

• Register of the negative link
  • 怒らずに is a more literary or formal ず(に) connective and here means asking why without getting angry. 怒らないで can also mean “without getting angry,” but it can function as “do not get angry,” so the forms are not interchangeable in every context.
• Person targeted
  • The person receiving the anger can be marked with に, as in 弟に怒った.