前項

1. Origins, structure, and basic meaning

• Structure: 前項 is read as ぜんこう and means preceding paragraph.
• Basic usage: It refers to a preceding paragraph whose conditions or defined areas govern the current provision.

2. Common pitfalls and similar expressions

• Meeting conditions in the preceding paragraph
  • 前項: Applications are accepted only if the conditions in the preceding paragraph are met. Example: 前項の条件を満たす場合に限り申請できる。
• Areas defined in the preceding paragraph
  • 前項: This provision also applies to the areas defined in the preceding paragraph. Example: この規定は前項に定めた地域にも適用される。