謹む

1. Origins, structure, and basic meaning

• Structure: 謹む, read つつしむ, is a verb whose form 謹んで in these examples marks a deeply respectful and humble manner.
• Basic usage: It precedes formal formulas such as 謹んでご挨拶申し上げます and 謹んでお祝いを申し上げます.

2. Common pitfalls and similar expressions

• Dictionary form and used form
  • The headword is 謹む, but the examples use 謹んで adverbially to frame the respectful manner of the following act.
• Degree of formality
  • This is elevated ceremonial wording, not a general substitute for politely in every casual interaction.