閉じる

1. Origins, structure, and basic meaning

• Structure: 閉じる, read とじる, is a transitive verb for closing an open or unfolded object such as a window or book.
• Basic usage: The object being closed is marked by を, as in 窓を閉じる and 本を閉じる.

2. Common pitfalls and similar expressions

• Translation by object
  • English can use close for both a window and a book, though the physical action differs with the object.
• Transitive pattern
  • A person acts on the object being closed, so do not confuse this construction with an intransitive statement that something closes.