破産

1. Origins, structure, and basic meaning

• Structure: 破産 is a noun read はさん; 破産する describes a person or company becoming unable to meet its debts and going bankrupt.
• Basic usage: Mark the bankrupt entity in 会社が破産する and the system or process in 破産の仕組みを学ぶ.

2. Common pitfalls and similar expressions

• が marking the entity
  • 会社は破産した makes the company the topic, while 会社が破産した marks it as the entity that failed. Reckless investment is the cause in the example, not a required part of the word's meaning.
• Bankruptcy and ordinary loss
  • Losing money on an investment does not by itself amount to 破産. The word identifies a more serious financial condition involving an inability to meet debts.
• Example and real event
  • 架空の事例 is a fictional case used to explain the system. It is not a report of an actual company's or person's bankruptcy.