禁じる

1. Origins, structure, and basic meaning

• Structure: 禁じる is a transitive ichidan verb read きんじる and means to prohibit an action by rule or authority.
• Basic usage: Mark the prohibited action in 立ち入りを禁じる, and use the passive in 医師から運動を禁じられる for a person placed under the prohibition.

2. Common pitfalls and similar expressions

• を marking the prohibited action
  • In 危険な場所への立ち入りを禁じる, を marks the entire act of entering as prohibited. It does not mean that the dangerous place ceased to exist.
• Passive form and source
  • In 医師から禁じられた, から identifies the person issuing the prohibition. The prohibited activity 激しい運動 takes を.
• 禁じる and 禁止する
  • Both express prohibition. 禁止する readily pairs with the noun 禁止 in rules and notices, while 禁じる is a relatively literary verb that directly states who forbids which action.