免れる

1. Origins, structure, and basic meaning

• Structure: 免れる(まぬかれる) describes escaping an undesirable outcome, such as punishment or harm.
• Basic usage: It describes escaping a penalty because the person's circumstances were taken into account.
  • 事情が認められ、彼は処分を免れた。

2. Common pitfalls and similar expressions

• Avoidance and an escaped outcome
  • 避ける(さける) focuses on the action of avoiding something. 免れる focuses on escaping an adverse outcome, as in 処分を免れる.