訓示

1. Origins, structure, and basic meaning

• Structure: 訓示(くんじ) is guidance from someone in a leadership role about attitude or conduct.
• Basic usage: It denotes a relatively formal address or admonition, such as one given by a principal or coach to students or players.

2. Common pitfalls and similar expressions

• Compared with general instructions
  • 指示(しじ) can give specific directions about what to do. 訓示 more prominently conveys principles or attitude, such as the example's appeal not to give up.
• Delivering an address with 述べる
  • 訓示を述べた means expressing the guidance in words. 述べる(のべる) is used for stating ideas or information.