運動 and 体操: physical activity and exercises
Distinguish broad physical activity from exercises or gymnastics, keeping frequency, duration, and observation separate.
Physical exercise
運動, read うんどう, here means physical exercise. 毎朝、公園で運動します。 describes exercising in the park every morning.
運動する時間がありません。 says that there is no time to exercise. It does not mean a complete lack of physical ability.
Exercises or gymnastics
体操, read たいそう, means exercises or gymnastics. 音楽に合わせて体操しました。 means doing exercises in time with music.
体操を十分間しました。 means exercising for ten minutes. Do not confuse the duration in 十分間 with a count of movements.
Activity and observation
体操 can be described as a form of 運動, so the terms do not always identify separate activities.
体操を見ましたが、自分ではしていません。 says that someone watched the exercises but did not do them personally. Separate watching from performing.
Does 体操を十分間しました mean doing the exercises ten times?
Show the answer and why
No. It means doing them for ten minutes. The number of repetitions is unspecified.