通過 and 経由: passing through and traveling via a place
Compare a station passed without stopping with a route via a location, without assuming a stop or transfer from 経由 alone.
Passing a location
通過, read つうか, means passing through a place. この列車は次の駅を通過します。 says that this train will pass the next station without stopping.
改札を通過して、ホームへ向かいました。 says that someone passed through the ticket gate and headed to the platform. 通過 is not limited to stations; interpret it with the location passed.
A route through a place
経由, read けいゆ, identifies a route via a place. このバスは市役所を経由します。 says that this bus goes via city hall.
A list of via points differs from a complete list of stops. Check specific information such as the stop list to determine whether passengers can get off there.
Reading route and stopping information together
市役所を経由しますが、駅前には止まりません。 says that the route goes via city hall but does not stop in front of the station. Read the route and stop information separately.
この駅を通過する列車には、ここから乗れません。 says that a train passing this station without stopping cannot be boarded here. Passing a location does not establish boarding availability.
Can you get off at the next station when the notice says この列車は次の駅を通過します。?
Show the answer and why
No. The train described in this notice does not stop at the next station.