対象: intended beginners and selected survey households
Read the intended learners of a course and households selected for a survey, separating their target roles from actual attendance or responses.
An intended group and a selected group
対象 (たいしょう) means target or subject. In the course sentence it identifies whom the course is for; in the survey sentence it identifies the households selected as subjects.
Compare 初心者を対象に with 調査の対象となる世帯. The first gives the intended learners, while the second identifies households selected for inclusion in a survey.
The course's beginners and the survey's households
「この講座は初心者を対象に開かれている。」 (This course is intended for beginners.) Beginners are the course's intended learners. Being intended for them does not establish that every beginner actually attended.
「調査の対象となる世帯を無作為に選んだ。」 (We randomly selected households to be included in the survey.) The completed action is the random selection of households to be included in the survey. 選んだ reports that selection, without supplying completed responses or a finished survey.
Retain the role supplied by 対象
The course's 対象 is its intended learner group. The survey's 対象 is its selected population. Identify the purpose toward which each group is named or selected.
Selection and actual participation or response require separate information. These sentences supply a course intended for beginners and a completed random selection of households, within those stated bounds.
What roles do the beginners and randomly selected households have as 対象?
Show the answer and why
The beginners are the course's intended learners, and the households are the selected survey population. Those roles do not establish actual attendance or completed responses.