嫉妬 and 憧れ: envy of success and objects of admiration
Compare awkward conversation caused by jealousy with admiration for astronauts and longing for seaside life, preserving the stated targets and consequences.
Envying success and being ashamed of oneself
嫉妬 (しっと) means jealousy or envy. In “主人公は友人の成功に嫉妬した自分を恥じた。”, the protagonist was ashamed of envying their friend's success. The object of shame is the protagonist's own envious self, not the friend.
“小さな嫉妬が二人の会話をぎこちなくした。” says that a little jealousy made the conversation between two people awkward. Awkwardness is stated, but an attempt to sabotage the other's success is not.
Admiration for astronauts and longing for seaside life
憧れ (あこがれ) means admiration or longing. “子どもの頃から宇宙飛行士は私の憧れだった。” presents astronauts as an object of admiration since childhood. It does not report a decision to become an astronaut.
“海辺で暮らすことへの憧れが年々強くなる。” describes longing to live by the sea growing stronger each year. Keep the change 年々 without turning it into a move to the seaside already completed.
Distinguish the target and the change that follows
The jealousy examples concern another person's success and an effect on conversation; the admiration examples concern astronauts and a desired way of living. Do not divide the words into feelings used only for people versus only for objects.
Jealousy and admiration can concern the same target together. These sentences do not make jealousy invariably malicious or admiration invariably benevolent, or establish reciprocal feelings in another person.
Does the astronaut example with 憧れ state a decision to pursue that career?
Show the answer and why
No. The sentence presents astronauts as an object of admiration. It does not state a career decision or action. The seaside example likewise describes growing longing, not a completed move.