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入荷 and 出荷: stock coming in and goods going out

Read 入荷 at the receiving shop or warehouse and 出荷 at the supplying location. Identify the reference place and direction of the goods flow.

Stock coming into the receiving place

入荷, read にゅうか, means arrival of stock. 注文していた本がようやく入荷した。 says that the ordered book finally came into stock.

In a shop's stock notice, read the movement into that shop. Keep the shop or warehouse used as the reference place.

Goods dispatched by the supplier

出荷, read しゅっか, means dispatch or shipment. 農家は朝早く野菜を市場へ出荷した。 says that the farm shipped vegetables to the market early in the morning.

農家 is the dispatching side, and 市場へ gives the destination. Check the reference place even when both descriptions concern the same goods movement.

Keep the location in the comparison

新鮮な魚は毎朝市場から入荷する。 says that fresh fish comes in from the market each morning. 市場から identifies the source of the incoming stock.

Dispatch from a supplier and arrival at a shop can belong to one distribution flow. Keep the location and direction rather than reducing both terms to a question about customer receipt.

In 農家が市場へ野菜を出荷した。, which side sends the goods out?

Show the answer and why

The farm. It dispatches vegetables toward the market; distinguish that actor from the destination.

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