道 and 道順: a path and directions to a destination
Compare a riverside path with directions from a station to a museum, separating the existence of a road from an ordered route.
A path that people can use
道, read みち, means a path or road. 川沿いに細い道があります。 says that a narrow path runs along the river. It describes the path’s position and width.
この道は港まで続いています。 says that this road continues to the harbor. It does not provide step-by-step turning instructions.
The route and sequence to a destination
道順, read みちじゅん, refers to directions or the route to a destination. 駅から美術館までの道順を教えてください。 asks for directions from the station to the art museum.
道順を紙に書いてもらいました。 says that someone had the directions written on paper for them. It does not say they already traveled the route.
Directions with a starting point and order
橋を渡ってから左に曲がります。 directs someone to cross the bridge and then turn left. Changing the 順番, read じゅんばん, or order of actions can change the route followed.
道がある states that a path exists, while 道順が分かる states that someone knows how to reach the destination. Finding a path does not establish knowledge of the necessary turns.
Does 道順を紙に書いてもらいました。 say that the person already walked that route?
Show the answer and why
No. It says that the person had the directions written down for them. Actual travel needs separate information.