極端 and 適度: drastic differences in length and suitable degrees
Compare thinking only in support or opposition and drastically different model lengths with moderate lighting and a suitable rest for dough.
Two-way thinking and a drastic length difference with 極端
「賛成か反対かだけで考えるのは極端だ。」 (It is extreme to think only in terms of support and opposition.) 極端 (きょくたん) means extreme. Thinking only in terms of support and opposition is described as extreme. 賛成か反対かだけ highlights the restriction to those two choices.
「この模型は左右の長さが極端に違う。」 (The left and right sides of this model differ drastically in length.) The model's left and right sides differ drastically in length. Length is the comparison being made, rather than temperature change or sensitivity. No exact measurements are supplied.
Brightness and a suitable dough rest with 適度
「部屋には適度な明るさの照明を選んだ。」 (I chose lighting of moderate brightness for the room.) 適度 (てきど) means moderate or suitable. Lighting of moderate brightness was actually chosen for the room. Read the degree through the lighting and room, without a fixed brightness value.
「生地を適度に休ませてから形を整えた。」 (I let the dough rest for a suitable amount of time before shaping it.) The dough was allowed to rest for a suitable amount of time before being shaped. 休ませてから gives that order. Both past actions are reported without an exact resting time.
Read a pronounced difference and a suitable degree
The 極端 examples concern restricted thinking and a drastic difference between the model's left and right lengths. The 適度 examples concern the degree of lighting and the amount of rest for dough. Keep the degree with the object being considered.
These examples contrast a pronounced difference or restricted thinking with a degree suited to an object. They do not make the two words exact opposites in every context or supply new safety values for lighting or dough.
What degrees do 極端 and 適度 describe for the model's lengths and the lighting's brightness?
Show the answer and why
The first is a drastic difference between the model's left and right lengths. The second is moderate brightness chosen for the room. No exact length or brightness, or temperature sensitivity of the model, is supplied.