地面 and 床: the ground surface and a constructed floor
Compare a puddle forming on the ground with wiping a terrace floor, without limiting ground to soil or floors to indoor rooms.
The surface of the ground
地面, read じめん, means ground surface. 地面に水たまりができました。 says that a puddle formed on the ground.
地面は土だけとは限りません。 says that the ground is not necessarily made only of soil. Distinguish the material 土, read つち, from the surface location.
The floor underfoot in a constructed space
床, read ゆか, means the floor underfoot in a room or constructed space. 部屋の床に敷物を敷きました。 says that someone laid a covering on the room’s floor.
テラスの床を拭きました。 says that someone wiped the terrace floor. The word 床 does not turn the specified place into an indoor room.
A surface location and its material
木の床 and 土の地面 mean a wooden floor and ground made of soil. 木 and 土 identify materials, while 床 and 地面 identify the surfaces.
靴の土を落としてから、床を拭きました。 says that someone removed soil from their shoes and then wiped the floor. Soil was removed first, and the floor was wiped afterward.
Must テラスの床を拭きました。 be translated as wiping a floor inside a room?
Show the answer and why
No. The stated place is the terrace. 床 alone does not restrict it to an indoor room floor.