漂白: Bleaching cloth and possible damage to old paper
Read 漂白 with cloth and paper as its objects. Compare completed bleaching and rinsing with the possibility of damage under a stated condition.
Bleaching cloth and the following action
漂白 means bleaching. 「白い布を漂白してから十分にすすいだ。」 reports bleaching white cloth and then rinsing it thoroughly. The cloth is the object bleached.
漂白してから places rinsing after bleaching, and すすいだ reports the completed rinsing. The sequence does not specify solutions, quantities, or durations.
A conditional possibility for old paper
「古い紙を強く漂白すると傷むことがある。」 says strong bleaching can damage old paper. Old paper is the target, and strong bleaching is the stated condition.
傷むことがある expresses that damage can occur. A possibility under a particular condition is not an assertion that damage always occurs.
Object, time, and modality
The cloth example reports rinsing after bleaching, while the paper example describes possible damage under a condition. The same 漂白 appears in sentences with different reported events and modality.
Keep the first sentence’s completed actions separate from the second sentence’s possibility. Neither identical treatment for every cloth and paper nor inevitable damage from all bleaching is stated.
Does ことがある in 古い紙を強く漂白すると傷むことがある mean damage always occurs?
Show the answer and why
No. It expresses that damage can occur when old paper is strongly bleached. The conditional possibility is not a guaranteed result of all bleaching.