confuse

1. Origins, structure, and basic meaning

• Structure: 惑 has 12 strokes, the on-reading わく, and the kun-reading まどう. 迷惑 (めいわく) and 戸惑う (とまどう) show different uses.
• Basic usage: 迷惑 means inconvenience or nuisance caused to others; 戸惑う means to feel bewildered and unsure what to do in an unfamiliar or unexpected situation.

2. Common pitfalls and similar expressions

• Causing a nuisance and feeling bewildered
  • 近所の迷惑になります means to be a nuisance to the neighbors. The example describes making loud noises late at night.
  • しばらく戸惑った means that someone was bewildered for a while by a complicated ticket machine screen. 急に名前を呼ばれて戸惑う describes feeling confused when one's name is called unexpectedly.