contain

1. Origins, structure, and basic meaning

• Structure: 含 expresses containing or including something; its on-reading is がん.
• Basic usage: 含む is read ふくむ, and 含める is read ふくめる.

2. Common pitfalls and similar expressions

• What is included and adding to a scope
  • 材料代を含む金額 describes an amount that includes material costs, specifying what makes up the amount.
  • 子どもも人数に含めて means including the children in the head count too. 含める focuses on placing something within a calculation or a defined scope.