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GRAMMAR DETAIL

ことになっている

N4

to be the rule · to be scheduled to

Expresses an established rule or a fixed schedule that remains in effect.

Examples

3

Study notes

1. Origins, structure, and basic meaning

  • Structure: Add ことになっている to a verb's dictionary or negative form to describe an established rule or schedule.
  • Basic usage: この寮では夜十時に門を閉めることになっています。 states the dormitory's established gate-closing time.

2. Common pitfalls and similar expressions

  • Personal practice and an established rule
    • 早く帰ることにしている presents a personal practice, while 早く帰ることになっている presents an established arrangement or rule. They differ in who sets the decision and how it is presented.
  • Permission and the content of a schedule
    • 早く帰れることになっている means that leaving early is permitted. 早く帰ることになっている presents a schedule or arrangement to leave early, so distinguish the potential form of the preceding verb.

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