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GRAMMAR DETAIL

ずにはおかない

N1

is bound to make

Indicates that a force or event will inevitably cause a particular emotion or action in people.

Examples

3

Study notes

1. Origins, structure, and basic meaning

  • Structure: Replace ない in a verb's negative form with ずにはおかない to emphasize that a force inevitably brings about a response or change. The exception is する, which becomes せずにはおかない.
  • Basic usage: この物語は読む者の心を動かさずにはおかない。 emphatically judges the story as bound to touch its readers' hearts.

2. Common pitfalls and similar expressions

  • Following a causative form
    • 感動させずにはおかない derives from 感動させる and describes the power to move other people. A transitive verb alone can also express that effect, as in 動かさずにはおかない.
  • Subject compared with ずにはいられない
    • 泣かずにはいられない describes one's own inability to hold back tears. 人を泣かせずにはおかない focuses on the power to cause that response in someone else.

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