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GRAMMAR DETAIL

〜んとする

N1

be about to

Expresses in a formal style that a change or action is on the verge of taking place.

Examples

2

Study notes

1. Origins, structure, and basic meaning

  • Structure: Attach んとする to a verb's irrealis stem to describe, in a literary style, an action or change on the verge of happening.
  • Basic usage: 列車はまもなく出発せんとしている。 means that the train is just about to depart.

2. Common pitfalls and similar expressions

  • Form of する
    • 出発する becomes 出発せんとする, and 訪れる becomes 訪れんとする. Do not read this as negation and interpret it as not departing.
  • Natural change and ようとする
    • 春が訪れんとしている describes spring being about to arrive. It gives a literary expression to the same imminent change as the modern 春が訪れようとしている.

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