GRAMMAR DETAIL

～以外

other than; except

Follows a noun to exclude that item from a range and refer to everything else.

Examples

日曜日以外は毎日店を開けています。

The store is open every day except Sunday.

この鍵以外に扉を開ける方法はありません。

There is no way to open the door other than with this key.

関係者以外は中に入れません。

Only those involved may enter.

Structure: The excluded noun takes 以外, read いがい.
Basic usage: 日曜日以外は毎日店を開けています。 describes opening on the days other than Sunday.

Scope and negation
- In 関係者以外は入れません, those prohibited from entering are people who are not involved. Interpret the range set by 以外 together with the following negation.
In addition to and other than
- この本以外にも読んだ adds other reading beyond this book; この本以外は読まない negates reading outside this book. The following particles and predicate determine the whole meaning.